1- Hello Omar!

Advertising helps greatly in showing consumers what they really want. In the process of advertising, various techniques are being applied. Each technique may bring about either positive or negative effects on the products. This is usually guaranteed by the way various advertisers present their adverts to the consumers. According to most research materials obtained from the general population about the advertisement, the highest percentage of people consider advertisement a good thing (Allen, 2016). This is mainly because they believe it to be informative and essential. Even though advertising is known for some positive effects, in my own point of view, this kind of communication has a lot of negative impacts on consumers and society in general. Some of the aspects that add certain negativity to the field of advertisement. The first one is the ethical aspect. It is known that advertisement has a completely demeaning and distressing effect on the public. As for the economic aspect, it is believed that advising is economically improvident. Finally, when it comes to the social aspect, one should face the truth advertising provides little truth about a certain product. All these aspects are a few examples of how negative the field of advertisement can be to modern society.

Reference:

Allen, P. W., & Arnold, D. R. (2016). How to develop an advertising program for an accounting practice: Certified public accountant. The CPA Journal, 61(4), 32. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com

2-When developing the advertising program, the marketers follow some systematic steps that act as a guideline or framework for undertaking the advertising process. The given steps entail setting objectives of the advertising program. Setting objectives helps in understanding the aim and what the advertising should achieve (Kotler & Keller, 2012). The second step entails deciding on the budget to be used in the entire process. The specification of the budget help in ensuring there is enough resources to be used throughout the entire process (Kumar & Gupta, 2016).Another step involves developing the advertising campaign based on the objectives of the program. Similarly, the next step involves deciding on the media to use in the advertising program (Kotler & Keller, 2012). The last step entails making the measurement plans that helps in evaluating the effectiveness of the advertising program.

Sales promotion is significant to marketing planning process. It is vital since it helps in covering various incentives as way of getting consumers to purchase the goods or services. The decisions pertaining sales promotion should be made carefully by following 5M’s when making the decisions. The sales promotion decisions should be made after understanding the advertising objectives (Kotler & Keller, 2012). Additionally, there is need to understand the amount of money to be spent and the message to be portrayed in the sales promotion process. Additionally, the marketers are required to understand the media to be used in the sales promotion and the measurement of the process.

There are various guidelines for brand-building events and experiences. The given guidelines entails being analytical, mindful and curious throughout the entire process. The other guidelines include being imaginative and observant during the brand-building events and experiences.

References

Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2012). Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Kumar, V., & Gupta, S. (2016). Conceptualizing the evolution and future of advertising. Journal of advertising, 45(3), 302-317.

this is marketing

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3-Edward de Bono’s theories and research focused exclusively on parallel thinking is viewed as a type of constructive thinking that focuses on placing thoughts forward in methods that do not act as attacking the thoughts of others. Another aspect that forms a relation to de Bono’s parallel thinking would fall into the category of the thinking caps. Balance is everything and the thinking caps are no different. Hale et al. (2018) stated that each individual cap represents an essential quality required for critical thinking methods. Even though each is made applicable to certain tasks, the concept of balance remains the same. A relevant example of parallel thinking I have encountered was a formerly held school group discussion during the time of my associate degree. The nature of this discussion was political-based and strictly on decisions one would execute if they were to become president. Although many of my fellow classmates stated some undoubtfully important objectives such as aiding veterans, supplying poor-income communities, pardoning student loans, etc., they eventually came to the point of argument. It commenced with a slightly heated discussion that soon escalated to an unnecessary strike of hostility on others’ ideas. I find that Edward de Bono’s parallel thinking would have acted successfully in my situation. I say this because there was absolutely no need to for such ridicule, nor was there a single reason to label others for acting in disagreement. Sure, we may all come to disagree in some ways, but this does not provide us a license to behave in a hostile manner towards those who share a different form of handling matters.

An advocacy-based approach focuses solely on the leader’s stated outlooks and nothing else. No other viewpoints are disclosed, no alternative concepts are considered, and absolutely no objections or apprehensions are heard. According to Gutierrez (2018), an inquiry-based approach, on the other hand, provides a more encouraging and approachable nature when placed in point of contrast with the advocacy approach. Here there are open-group discussions along with constructive feedback that provide a higher level of interest among group members. With this approach, participants are provided with problem-solving mechanics and enhanced teamwork skills. But above all, everyone is provided with a unique voice that is equally heard.

Based on the material emphasized within this week along with all prior course material, homogenous (similar, consistent) is in no way ideal in an organization nor is recommended. The reason for this is due to the fact that homogenous environments as susceptible to groupthink—almost to the point of being inevitable. Due to this outcome taking place, heterogeneous (varied, diverse) environments are always the best alternative. It is not surprising how many organizations struggle with workplace diversity and have only limited decision-making knowledge for said reason. According to Mangelsdorf (2017), flawed decisions are the expected results to a poorly diversified organization. Regardless of group members’ high level of expertise, they remain limited to only their acquired knowledge.

References

Gutierrez, D. (2018). The Pros and Cons of Inquiry-Based Learning for College Success | The

College Puzzle. Stanford.Edu. https://collegepuzzle.stanford.edu/the-pros-and-cons-of-inquiry-based-learning-for-college-success/

Hale, N., Watson, L., & Roche, J. (2018, September 21). Parallel Thinking – Third Way.

Www.Thirdway.org. https://www.thirdway.org/thinking-tool/parallel-thinking

Mangelsdorf, E. A., interviewed by Martha E. (2017, December 11). The Trouble With

Homogeneous Teams. MIT Sloan Management Review. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-trouble-with-homogeneous-teams/

4-While working as a noncommissioned officer in charge in the military I have learned and applied many different managements, leadership, communication, innovation, and decision-making tools. One of the techniques that I have found the most practical and efficient was “Six thinking hats” created by Edward de Bono. The author is an absolute genius of explaining how human thinking process works and provided a very simple framework that could be used on everyday basis. In short, the model is based on six metaphorical “hats” of a different color. Every hat symbolizes a different type of thinking. By figuratively taking off and putting on different hats, an individual can purposefully switch to a different thinking mode (De Bono, 1982). The six colors of De Bono model include:

• White – objective, factual, data driven, information-based thinking
• Red – led by emotions, intuition, passion, and subjective thoughts
• Black – critical outlook, weighting cons and pros, cost assessment, and calculating possible disadvantages
• Yellow – optimistic point of view, concerned about possible benefits, strengths and advantages oriented
• Green – creative approach, innovation driven, looking into new possibilities and ideas
• Blue – process focused, structure based, and methodical outlook

One of the examples of applying the six thinking hats method is during the formal meeting. When used in a group setting, it allows “parallel thinking” when all members metaphorically put on the same color hat to review the situation in similar way. This application could drastically improve communication between team members and avoid unnecessary conflicts. Thus, many times when I and my colleagues were at the meeting, struggling to reach a decision, we would stop the debates and ask everyone to put aside our “red hats” (our emotional reactions), our “black hats” (negative thinking) and our “yellow hats” (optimistic outlook) to focus on identifying objective facts and reliable data first (white hat) before we all start jumping into possible solutions (green hat) and planning next steps (blue hat). By using this technique, the team members are able to shift to a parallel thinking when everyone is headed to the same direction and run the meetings in more organized and productive manner.

Bibliography

De Bono, E. (1988). Six Thinking Hats. Granica Editions. index-of.co.uk.